PLANT SPECIES STUDIED

6.     SHRUBS AND SUBSHRUBS

S.No.	BOTANICAL NAME OF THE TAXON	FAMILY	GROWTH HABIT	WILD, CULTIVATED, ESCAPE OR OTHER	FLOWER COLOUR	COMMON NAME	IMAGE
1	Capparis decidua (Forssk.) Edgew.	Capparaceae	Shrub, Small Tree	Wild	Red, Pink, Yellow	Bare Caper, Caper Berry, Leafless Caper Bush, Karir, Pichu, Teent, Tenti, Karil, Kair
2	Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet	Malvaceae	Shrub	Wild	Yellow, Orange Yellow	Indian Mallow, Indian Abutilon, Country Mallow, Abutilon, Kanghi (Hindi)
3	Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.	Malvaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Rosy-red, Reddish or Orange-Yellow	Shoe Flower, China Rose, Chinese Hibiscus, Rose Mallow, Shoeblack plant, Tropical Hibiscus, Red Hibiscus, Gurhal
4	Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Garcke	Malvaceae	Subshrub	Wild	Apricot Yellow	Threelobe False Mallow, False Mallow, Broom Weed, Clock Plant, Prickly Malvastrum, Spiked Malvastrum, Kharenti
5	Malvaviscus penduliflous Moc. & Sesse ex DC.	Malvaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Red, Crimson Red	Pendulous Sleeping Hibiscus, Sleepy Hibiscus, Mexican Turk’s Cap
6	Sida cordata (Burm.f.) B. Waalkes	Malvaceae	Shrub or Subshrub	Wild	Yellow	Long-stalk Sida, Heart-Leaf Sida, Country Mallow, Flannel weed, Heartleaf Fanpetals, Bhuini
7	Sida cordifolia L.	Malvaceae	Shrub or Subshrub	Wild	Yellow	Heart-Leaf Sida, Flannel Weed, Bala, Country Mallow, Kharinta
8	Sida rhombifolia L.	Malvaceae	Shrub or Subshrub	Wild	Yellow to Pale- Orange	Arrow-Leaf Sida, Rhombus-leaved Sida, Paddy’s Lucerne, Jelly Leaf
9	Urena lobata L.	Malvaceae	Shrub	Wild	Bright Pink with dark center	Caesarweed, Aramina, Bur Mallow, Cadillo, Congo Jute, Cousin Mahoe, Guaxima, Hibiscus Burr, Pink Burr, Urena Burr, Bachita, Lapetua, Vilaiti San
10	Triumfetta pentandra A. Rich. In Guillemin et al.	Tiliaceae	Shrubs, Subshrubs or Herbs	Wild	Yellow	Fivestamen Burrbark
11	Galphimia gracilis Bartl.	Malpighiaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Yellow	Canary Bush, Gold Shower, Golden Thyrallis, Thriallis, Rain of Gold, Spray of Gold
12	Malpighia emarginata Sesse & Moc. ex DC.	Malpighiaceae	Shrub or Small Tree	Cultivated	Dark Pink	Barbados Cherry, Wild Crape Myrtle, Acerola
13	Pelargonium x hortorum L.H. Bailey	Geraniaceae	Shrub or Shrublet	Cultivated	Red, Purple, Pink, Orange or White	Garden Geranium, Zonal Geranium
14	Ziziphus nummularia (Burm. f.) Wight & Arn.	Rhamnaceae	Shrub	Wild	Greenish-Yellow	Malla, Jharberi
15	Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq.	Sapindaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Greenish-Yellow	Hop Bush, Hopseed, Sanatta, Sinatra, Vilayti Mehndi
16	Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.	Paplionoideae	Shrub	Cultivated	Yellow	Pigeon Pea, Congo Pea, No Eye Pea, Red gram; Tuvar, Tur Dal, Dinger, Arhar Dal
17	Crotalaria burhia Buch.-Ham. ex Benth. & Hook.	Paplionoideae	Shrub or Shrublet	Wild	Yellow	Burhia Rattlepod, Khimp, Saniya
18	Erythrina x bidwilli Lindl.	Paplionoideae	Shrub	Cultivated	Deep Blood Red	Coral Bean Tree, Bidwill's Coral Tree; Coral Tree, Fireman's Hat
19	Bauhinia acuminata L.	Fabaceae -Caesalpinioideae	Shrub	Cultivated	White	Dwarf White Bauhinia, White Orchid Tree, Snowy Orchid Tree
20	Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Swartz	Caesalpinioideae	Shrub	Cultivated	Yellow, Orange or Red	Peacock Flower, Pride of Barbados, Dwarf Poinciana, Gul-e- tura, Gul-Mohri
21	Guilandina bonduc L.	Caesalpinioideae	Scandent shrub	Wild	Yellow	Fever Nut, Bonduc Nut, Yellow Nicker, Grey Nicker, Nicker Seed, Nicker Bean, Kantkaranj, Kantikaranj, Kuberakshi
22	Senna polyphylla (Jacq.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby	Caesalpinioideae	Shrub	Cultivated	Yellow	Desert Cassia
23	Calliandra tergemina var. emarginata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Barneby	Mimosoidae	Shrub	Cultivated	Scarlet	Dwarf Powder puff, Fairy duster, Miniature powderpuff
24	Rosa indica L.	Rosaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Red	Indian Fragrant Rose, Cyme Rose, Desi Gulab, Sudbarg, Bussorah, Fasti Gulab
25	Spiraea cantoniensis Lour.	Rosaceae	Shrub	Wild	White	Reeves Spiraea, Bridal wreath Spiraea, Double White May, Cape May, May Bush
26	Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum Yieh	Hamamelidaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Purple-Red	Red Chinese Fringe Flower
27	Melaleuca polandii (F.M. Bailey) Craven	Myrtaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Red	Gold-tipped Bottlebrush
28	Cuphea hyssopifolia Kunth	Lythraceae	Subshrub	Cultivated	Lavender to Purple	False Heather, Mexican Heather, Mexican False Heather, Hawaiian Heather
29	Gardenia jasminoides Ellis	Rubiaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	White	Cape Jasmine, Gardenia, Gandhraj
30	Hamelia patens Jacq.	Rubiaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Scarlet to Orange	Fire Bush, Hummingbird Bush, Scarlet Bush, Redhead, Firecracker Bush, Hamelia
31	Ixora chinensis Lam.	Rubiaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Red	Chinese Ixora
32	Mussaenda erythrophylla Schumach & Thonn.	Rubiaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Pink-White	Ashanti Blood, Red Flag Bush, Tropical Dogwood
33	Mussaenda philippica A. Rich.	Rubiaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Yellow	Queen Sirkit Mussaenda, Bangkok Rose, Pink Flag Bush
34	Pentas lanceolata (Forssk.) Deflers	Rubiaceae	Subshrub	Cultivated	Pale-Purple, White or Red	Pentas, Star Flower, Star Cluster
35	Ageratum conyzoides L.	Asteraceae	Shrub or Subshrub	Wild	Pale-Blue or White	Billygoat, Goat Weed, Tropical White Weed, Chick Weed, Mentrasto, Jangli Pudina
36	Gymnanthemum amygdalinum (Delile) Sch. Bip.	Asteraceae	Shrub	Cultivated	White	Bitter Leaf, Bitter Leaf Vernonia
37	Plumbago auriculata Lam.	Plumbaginaceae	Shrub	Wild	Pale- Blue	Plumbago, Cape Leadwort, Nila Chitrak
38	Plumbago zeylanica L.	Plumbaginaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	White	Plumbago, White Leadwort, Chitrak
39	Chrysojasminum humile (L.) Banfi	Oleaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Yellow	Italian Yellow Jasmine, Yellow Jasmine, Peeli Chameli
40	Jasminum arborescens Roxb.	Oleaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	White	Shrubby Jasmine, Tree Jasmine, Bara-Kunda, Nava Mallika
41	Jasminum mesnyi Hance	Oleaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Bright Yellow	Primrose Jasmine, Japanese Jasmine, Japani Chameli
42	Jasminum multiflorum (Burm. f.) Andrews	Oleaceae	Scandent Shrub	Cultivated	White	Downy Jasmine, Indian Jasmine, Musk Jasmine, Star Jasmine, Winter Jasmine, Ban Malti, Palind, Dala-Dhak, Dal-Kosh, Dant-Patraka, Jangali Chameli, Kund, Kunda
43	Jasminum sambac (L.) Aiton	Oleaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	White	Arabian Jasmine, Sambac Jasmine, Bela, Motiya, Madan Mogra
44	Allamanda blanchetii A. DC.	Apocynaceae	Scandent shrub	Cultivated	Rose purple	Purple Alamanda, Violet Allamanda
45	Allamanda cathartica L.	Apocynaceae	Scandent Shrub	Cultivated	Yellow	Golden Trumprt Vine, Golden Trumpet, Allamanda Vine, Pilaghanti
46	Asclepias curassavica L.	Apocynaceae	Undershrub	Cultivated	Red or Orange Red	Scarlet Milkweed, Bloodflower, Silkweed, Indian Root
47	Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T. Aiton	Apocynaceae	Shrub	Wild	White outside, Purple within	Ak, Mundar
48	Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (Mart. ex Choisy) D.F. Austin	Convolvulaceae	Shrub	Wild	Deep Pink to Rose Purple	Bush Morning Glory, Besharam
49	Cestrum diurnum L.	Solanaceae	Shrub or Small Tree	Cultivated	White or Creamy- White	Day-blooming Cestrum, Day Jasmine, China Berry, Chinese Ink Berry, Din Ka Raja
50	Cestrum nocturnum L.	Solanaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Greenish- Yellow	Night Blooming Jasmine, Night Blooming Cestrum, Lady of the Night, Night Queen, Rat ki Rani
51	Cestrum parqui (Lam.) L’Her.	Solanaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Yellow or Greenish- Yellow	Green Cestrum, Chilean Cestrum, Chilean flowering Jasmine, Chilean Jasmine, Green Poisonberry, Iodine Bush, Willow-leaved Jasmine
52	Leucophyllum frutescens (Berland.) M. Johnst.	Scrophulariaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Purplish-Lavender to Pink	Texas Sage, Silver Leaf, Barometer Bush
53	Tecomaria capensis (Thunb.) Spach.	Bignoniaceae	Shrub, Scandent shrub	Cultivated	Orange-Red	Cape Honey Suckle
54	Barleria cristata L.	Acanthaceae	Subshrub or Shrub	Cultivated	White	Philippine Violet, Bluebell Barleria, Crested Philippine Violet, Crested Purple Nail Dye; Jhinti, Neel Jhinti
55	Crossandra infundibuliformis (L.) Nees in N. Wallach	Acanthaceae	Subshrub	Cultivated	Orange	Crossandra, Firecracker Flower, Unarmed Orange Nail dye, Priyadarsha
56	Eranthemum pulchellum Andrews	Acanthaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Blue	Blue Sage, Gulsham, Nili Aaboli
57	Justicia adhatoda L.	Acanthaceae	Shrub	Wild	Pale-White	Malabar Nut, Adhatoda, Vasaka, White Vasa, Yellow Vasa, Arus, Arusa, Pramadya, Rus, Sinh-parni, Vajini, Visauta
58	Justicia brandegeeana Wassh. & L.B. Smith	Acanthaceae	Shrublet	Cultivated	Bright Red, Reddish-Brown, Lime-Green or Yellow	Shrimp Plant, False Hop, Shrimp Bush, Mexican Shrimp plant, Chuparosa
59	Justicia gendarussa Burm.f.	Acanthaceae	Undershrub	Cultivated	White with Purple streaks	Willow-leaf Justicia, Asian Water-Willow, Nili Nargandi, Kala Bashimb, Kala Adulsa
60	Pseudoeranthemum maculatum (G. Lodd.) I.M. Turner	Acanthaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	White, Pink or Pale-Purple	Purple False Eranthemum, False Eranthemum, Gratophyllum, Carruther's False Face, Yellow-Vein Eranthemum, Golden Pseuderanthemum
61	Ruellia simplex C. Wright	Acanthaceae	Undershrub	Cultivated	Purple and Pink	Britton’s Wild Petunia, Mexican Petunia, Mexican Bluebell, Desert Petunia
62	Ruttya fruticosa Lindau	Acanthaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Orange-Red	Rabbit Ears, Orange Bird, Hummingbird Plant, Jammy Mouth or Jembekkie
63	Thunbergia erecta (Benth.) T. Anderson	Acanthaceae	Undershrub	Cultivated	Purple-Blue	Bush Clock Vine, King’s mantle, Potato bush
64	Duranta erecta L.	Verbenaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Light Blue	Sky Flower, Golden Dew Drop, Pigeon Berry, Nilkanta
65	Holmskioldia sanguinea Retz.	Verbenaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Scarlet tinged with Orange	Chinese Hat, Cup and Saucer, Mandarins Hat, Parasol Flower, Kapni
66	Lantana camara L.	Verbenaceae	Shrub	Wild and Cultivated	Orange or Yellow turning to Red	Lantana, Big Sage, Wild Sage, Red Sage
67	Clerodendrum phlomidis L. f.	Lamiaceae	Shrub	Wild	Pale -White	Sage Glory Bower, Arni
68	Gmelina philippensis Cham.	Lamiaceae	Scandent shrub	Cultivated	Yellow	Ching- Chai, Hedgehog, Parrot’s Beak, Badhara
69	Oscimum tenuiflorum L.	Lamiaceae	Subshrub	Cultivated	White	Holy Basil, Tulsi
70	Pogostemon benghalensis (Burm.f.) Kuntze	Lamiaceae	Undershrub	Wild	White tinged with Pink	Bengal Pogostemon, Cockspur patchouli, Phangal Kali Suhali, Ishwar Jatta
71	Vitex agnus-castus L.	Lamiaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Lilac or Violet	Chaste Tree, Lilac Chaste tree, Chaste berry, Abrahm’s balm, Monk’s pepper, Vitex
72	Volkameria inermis L.	Lamiaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	White	Glory Bower, Indian Privet, Seaside Clerodendrum, Wild Jasmine, Sorcerers Bush, Chhoti-ari, Vilayti Mehndi, Sankuppi, Sangan Kuppi
73	Rivina humilis L.	Phytolaccaceae	Undershrub	Wild	White	Blood Berry, Pigeon Berry, Coral Berry, Baby Papper, Rouge Plant
74	Acalypha hispida Burm.f.	Euphorbiaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Crimson or Red- Purple	Philippines Medusa, Cat’s Tail, Red-hot Cat’s Tail, Fox Tail, Chenille Plant
75	Acalypha wilkesiana Mull. Arg.	Euphorbiaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Yellowish or Reddish	Copperleaf, Joseph’s Cat, Fire Dragon
76	Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Rumph. ex A. Juss.	Euphorbiaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	White	Fire Croton, Garden Croton, Variegated Croton
77	Croton bonplandianus Baill.	Euphorbiaceae	Shrub or Woody herb	Wild	Greenish Yellow	Ban Tulsi, Kala Bhangra
78	Euphorbia heterophylla var. cyathophora (Murray) Griseb.	Euphorbiaceae	Shrub or Herb	Wild, Cultivated	Pale- Green	Painted Leaf Poinsettia, Summer Poinsettia, Mexican Fire Plant, Painted Leaf Spurge, Titli Phool
79	Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch	Euphorbiaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Red	Christmas Flower, Poinsettia, Lal Patti
80	Euphorbia tithymaloides L.	Euphorbiaceae	Subshrub	Cultivated	Deep Red	Devil’s Backbone, Zigzag Plant, Japanese Poinsettia, Slipper Spurge, Redbirds Cactus, Christmas Candle, Redbird Flower, Jewbush, Buck- thorn, Cimora Misha, Fiddle flower, Ipecacualana, Milk hedge, Myrtle- leaved Spurge, Red Slipper Spurge, Slipper Flower, Slipper plant, Timor’s Misha
81	Exoecaria cochinchinensis Lour.	Euphorbiaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Green	Chinese Croton, Laila Majnu
82	Jatropha gossypiifolia L.	Euphorbiaceae	Shrub	Wild, Cultivated	Orange-Red to Purple	Bellyache Bush, Black Physicnut, Cotton-leaf Physicnut, Rattanjoti
83	Jatropha integerrima Jacq.	Euphorbiaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Scarlet	Peregrine, Spicy Jatropha, Shanghai Beauty, Peregrina Jatropha, Rose-flowered Jatropha
84	Jatropha podagrica Hook. in Curtis	Euphorbiaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Red	Australian Bottle Plant, Buddha Belly Plant, Physic nut
85	Ricinus communis L.	Euphorbiaceae	Shrub or Small tree	Wild	Yellowish-Green	Castor Bean, Castor Oil Plant, Wonder Tree; Arand, Arandi
86	Phyllanthus angustifolius (Sw.) Sw.	Phyllanthaceae	Shrub	Wild	Purplish-Pink to Cream	Foliage Flower, Sword Bush, Swordbush Foliage Flower
87	Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Chev.	Asparagaceae	Shrub	Cultivated	Lilac-White	Ti Plant, Palm Lily, Cabbage Palm
88	Ruscus hypophyllum L.	Asparagaceae	Undershrub	Cultivated	Bluish (Male fl.)	Spineless Butcher’s-broom, Mouse Thorn, Horse Tongue Lily